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VDR glossary · Pricing and billing

What is per-user pricing?

Definition

Per-user pricing: A billing model that charges for each named user or seat with access to the room, so the bill tracks how many people are invited rather than how much is stored.

How it works in a data room

The plan lists a number of seats, typically split between administrators who manage content and guests who only read. Some providers count every invited person; others only count those who actually log in during the billing period. Adding a new adviser mid-deal either uses a spare seat or triggers a charge for an extra one. Rules about reassigning a seat when someone leaves a deal team vary and are worth checking in the contract.

Why it matters in a deal

User counts are easier to estimate than page counts for small, focused processes, such as a seed round or an internal board room. In a sale with several bidders, though, each party brings bankers, lawyers, accountants and sometimes lenders, and the number of seats climbs quickly. A cap on guests can tempt teams to share logins, which breaks the audit trail and undermines security. Organizing people into user groups helps you count how many seats each party really needs before you buy. The fundraising guide covers how startups usually size their rooms.

Example

A London fintech raising a Series A expects about 25 investors to view its room, plus five people internally. A plan with 10 admin seats and unlimited view-only guests suits it well. Later the same company runs an acquisition with four bidders, each bringing around 15 advisers. Under a strict per-seat plan that would be roughly 60 extra paid users, so the company compares that against a flat fee before renewing.

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